Participatory Design for Inclusive Urban Digital Tools

Context

  • Role: UX Researcher
  • Duration: (5 months)
  • Team: Interdisciplinary student design team
  • Location: Ball State University [Muncie, IN]

Links to Project Documents:

User Story Maps Report.

Smart Muncie Vision and Business Report.

Project Overview

Smart City Muncie was an academic team project aimed at proposing user‑centered ICT solutions to strengthen city‑citizen communication and engagement within the context of urban revitalization in Muncie, Indiana. The goal was to design digital interaction systems that would open communication pathways between residents, business owners, and local government to support smart city planning, data collection, and collaborative decision‑making. 

Role & Responsibilities

In this project, I served as a UX researcher with responsibilities that included:

  • Conducted user interviews with Muncie residents and business owners.
  • Participated in participatory design sessions to co-create kiosk concepts.
  • Helped develop user story maps and roadmaps to inform solution design.
  • Contributed to the final project report and presentations.
  • Assisted with developing prototype concepts for kiosks and an engagement app.

Problem Statement

Despite ongoing downtown revitalization and community investment efforts in Muncie, communication gaps persisted between city leadership and residents. Traditional engagement channels were limited, and residents lacked a consistent, accessible platform to provide input or access city information.

The challenge was:

How might we design digital engagement mechanisms that improve transparency, participation, and two‑way communication between the City of Muncie and its residents?

Research Objectives & Question

This project set out to:

  1. Establish clear communication pathways between the city of Muncie and its citizens
  2. Support data collection practices that inform smart city planning
  3. Encourage economic and social participation through digital tools
  4. Propose solutions that reflect real resident needs and workflows

Methodology

5.1 User Interviews

We interviewed residents and business owners from Muncie to capture lived experiences, needs, and perceptions related to city engagement. Participants were selected based on their residency and local economic activity in Muncie. 

5.2 Participatory Design Workshops

Participants contributed to mini design sessions to envision how digital tools might help them interact with city services, share feedback, and be better informed about local initiatives.

5.3 User Story Mapping

We created user story maps to visualize primary user goals, tasks, pain points, and opportunities for interaction design, with a particular focus on kiosk and mobile app concepts.

Findings & Insight

From research and co‑design activities, several key insights emerged:

  • Residents want open, accessible communication channels that go beyond traditional town halls or surveys. 
  • Local business owners see value in tools that connect economic needs with city planning. 
  • Participants imagined digital tools that support both informing citizens and capturing input for planning decisions. 

Co‑design sessions revealed that hands‑on interaction with concepts helps residents articulate priorities and frustrations more clearly than abstract questions.

Design Implications & Recommendations

The team proposed two complementary solutions:

7.1 Smart Digital Town Hall (Mobile App)

An app designed to:

  • Provide transparent access to city initiatives
  • Allow residents to submit feedback and reports
  • Support event notifications and civic updates
  • Facilitate dialogue between the city and citizens 

7.2 Interactive Smart Kiosks

Public kiosks placed in high‑traffic areas that:

  • Offer accessible information on city services
  • Enable quick input on community issues
  • Serve residents without smartphones or data plans
  • Act as a physical anchor for civic engagement 

Both solutions were envisioned to operate in tandem, creating multiple access points for engagement and participation.

Outcome & Impact

Through story mapping, we defined core interaction flows such as:

  • Resident reporting needs: From noticing an issue → accessing kiosk/app → submitting input → receiving acknowledgment.
  • Feedback loops: Residents receive updates on how their input influences city planning.
  • Business engagement: Owners share operational challenges and receive targeted policy updates.

These flows guided how screens and interaction models would be prioritized in future design phases.

The project culminated in a fully documented proposal sent to Muncie city leadership and connected to local planning stakeholders. It emphasized inclusive digital engagement — recognizing that civic technology should be accessible, participatory, and contextually grounded.

Outcome & Dissemination

The project culminated in a fully documented proposal sent to Muncie city leadership and connected to local planning stakeholders. It emphasized inclusive digital engagement — recognizing that civic technology should be accessible, participatory, and contextually grounded.